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Germany · Guide

Your first 90 days

You have just landed, or you are about to, and the honest question is how long all of this takes and whether it ever ends. It does. Here is the paperwork of arriving in the order it really happens, what each step unlocks, and which letters it sets off. Every dated claim links to the office that publishes it.

Register your address

Days 1–14

One appointment unlocks everything else. You walk out with the Meldebescheinigung, which is the paper that banks, employers and offices all ask for first.

You must register within two weeks (14 days) of moving into your dwelling. The deadline runs from your move-in date. Source ↗

Anmeldung starter packGerman message templates

Open your bank account

Week 1–2

Your salary arrives in a German account and your rent leaves from one, so this comes early. If a counter turns you away, the law is on your side and there is a route to force the issue.

Every consumer lawfully resident in the EU has a legal right to a basic payment account (Basiskonto). A bank that offers consumer accounts must offer you one, and must do so within ten business days of your application. Source ↗

Bank account basics

Pick your Krankenkasse

Week 1–2

Cover is compulsory, but the fund is yours to choose and your employer cannot choose it for you. Say which one you picked early, because this step runs on a deadline.

When you start a job, you declare your choice to the Krankenkasse you picked — it may not refuse you, and it may not talk you out of joining with false or incomplete advice. Tell your employer which fund you chose right away: if you haven't named one within two weeks of starting, the employer registers you with your previous fund — or, if you have never been insured in Germany, with a fund the employer picks and tells you about in text form. The fund then confirms your membership to the employer electronically; there is no paper for you to chase. Source ↗

Health insurance explainer

The letters start arriving

Weeks 2–6

Registering sets the machine going, and the post that follows looks more alarming than it is. Check who sent it before you decide whether to worry. Most of it wants nothing from you at all.

A plain letter from the Bundeszentralamt für Steuern (Federal Central Tax Office) brings your tax identification number (IdNr / Steuer-ID) after your first Anmeldung. For data-protection reasons the number is only ever communicated by post — nobody legitimate will email or phone it to you. Keep the letter: your employer needs the number, and it stays yours for life. Source ↗

Who sent this letter?Rundfunkbeitrag helper

Decode your first payslip

When work starts

Brutto is not netto, and a first payslip that looks far too small usually has a boring explanation behind it. If you are still applying for jobs, the grade converter and the CV check put your credentials into German shape before you send anything.

If your employer cannot retrieve your electronic tax details — most often because your tax identification number (Steuer-ID) is not yet on file — the law requires wage tax to be withheld under class VI, the highest withholding. This is a common reason a first payslip looks unexpectedly small; it usually corrects once your Steuer-ID is registered. Source ↗

Payslip explainerGrade scale converterCV format quick-checkCertified translations & copies

Assemble the flat-application folder

Whenever the hunt starts

Landlords expect a complete folder handed over on the spot, so build it once and reuse it at every viewing. When you finally win a flat, record the handover in writing. That is what gets your deposit back at the end.

The deposit (Kaution) may be at most three months' rent excluding operating costs (cold rent), and you are entitled by law to pay it in three equal monthly instalments — the first at the start of the tenancy. Source ↗

Rental application helperHandover protocol (Übergabeprotokoll)

Where this map ends, and why

Papertame covers the paperwork of settling in, and stops at the doors somebody official has to open. Here is what each of those is, why this page stays out of it, and who handles it instead.

Tiger

Visas & residence permits

What it is: Whether you may live and work in Germany: the visa, the residence permit, the Blue Card, and everything that hangs on your residence status.

Why we don't do it: Immigration law turns on the details of one person's case, and a wrong steer can cost somebody their right to stay. That is not a risk worth taking to save you a click, so this one is never ours.

How it works
  1. 01Work out which permit fits — work visa, EU Blue Card, family reunion or study — using the official portal.
  2. 02Apply at the German embassy or consulate in your country before you move, or at the local Ausländerbehörde once you're here.
  3. 03Have your passport, proof of purpose (a job contract, university admission) and health cover ready; decisions take weeks to months.

You leave Papertame here

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Tiger

Income tax return (Steuererklärung)

What it is: Filing your annual tax return and answering personal tax questions.

Why we don't do it: Reading your payslip is explaining a document. Filing a return is advice about your money, with your money at stake if it is wrong. That belongs to the official portal or to a professional.

How it works
  1. 01File for the previous year online through ELSTER (free), or hand it to a Lohnsteuerhilfeverein or Steuerberater.
  2. 02Have your Steuer-ID, your employer's Lohnsteuerbescheinigung and receipts for deductible costs to hand.
  3. 03Mind the annual deadline — ELSTER shows this year's date, and filing through an adviser buys more time.

You leave Papertame here

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Wildcat

Kindergeld & Elterngeld

What it is: Child benefit (Kindergeld) and parental allowance (Elterngeld).

Why we don't do it: Whether you qualify depends on your residence status, and the amounts change every year. Only the authority can tell you where you stand, and the application goes to it on its own forms.

How it works
  1. 01Kindergeld: apply to the Familienkasse with your child's birth certificate and both parents' Steuer-IDs.
  2. 02Elterngeld: apply to your state's Elterngeldstelle soon after the birth — only a few months are ever paid retroactively.
  3. 03Both run on the authority's own forms; the Familienportal explains who qualifies.

You leave Papertame here

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Wildcat

Certificate of good conduct (Führungszeugnis)

What it is: An extract from the federal criminal register, asked for by most jobs in childcare, teaching, health and public service, and by some landlords and licensing bodies.

Why we don't do it: Only the Bundesamt für Justiz can issue one, and it comes to you by post. There is no document here for anybody to prepare. What this page can do is show you the counter before an employer springs it on you.

How it works
  1. 01Anyone aged 14 or over can request their own. You cannot send someone else in your place, even with a written authority.
  2. 02Apply at the same registration office (Meldebehörde) that did your Anmeldung, or online with an electronic ID — the fee is 13,00 € either way.
  3. 03If the job is with children or young people, the employer needs the extended version (erweitertes Führungszeugnis). They must give you a written request for it, so bring that with you.
  4. 04It is posted, not handed over: for most jobs it goes to you, and you pass it on.

You leave Papertame here

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Lynx

Integration course (Integrationskurs)

What it is: The state-run German language course plus an orientation course on how the country works. Many non-EU newcomers are entitled to a place; some are required to take one.

Why we don't do it: We do not teach German, and never will. That is what the Volkshochschule and the Goethe-Institut are for. What belongs here is the paperwork attached to it, and the clock on the entitlement that almost nobody is told about.

How it works
  1. 01If you have just been given a residence permit for work, family or humanitarian reasons, you may have a one-time right to a place.
  2. 02THE RIGHT EXPIRES ONE YEAR after that permit was issued — this is the part that catches people, because nothing reminds you.
  3. 03Apply to the BAMF for admission, then pick a course provider near you; a reduction or waiver of the fee can be applied for separately.

You leave Papertame here

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Lynx

Registering a car (Zulassung)

What it is: Putting a car on German plates, whether you shipped your own or bought one here.

Why we don't do it: Registration happens at your local Zulassungsstelle, on their forms. Bringing a car in from outside the EU adds customs and emissions checks that need somebody qualified to judge them.

How it works
  1. 01A vehicle may only be driven on public roads once it is registered — there is no grace period for driving it unregistered.
  2. 02Registration is local: your district's Zulassungsstelle, usually by appointment, and usually in German.
  3. 03Bring proof you own it, proof of insurance, the vehicle documents and a valid roadworthiness test. A car from outside the EU may also need customs clearance and a German type approval first.

You leave Papertame here

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Tiger

Registering as self-employed (Gewerbeanmeldung)

What it is: Telling the authorities you have started working for yourself: a trade registration, and the tax office questionnaire that follows it.

Why we don't do it: What you owe and how you are taxed depends entirely on your own situation, and getting it wrong is expensive. The registration itself is just a form, and this page can at least tell you it exists and when it is due.

How it works
  1. 01If you start a trade, you must tell the responsible authority on the day you start, not afterwards. The same applies if you move, change what you do, or stop altogether.
  2. 02Registration is local: your municipality's Gewerbeamt, on their form.
  3. 03The tax office then sends a questionnaire about your expected income; how you answer decides your prepayments, and this is the point to get an adviser rather than a guess.

You leave Papertame here

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Lion

Contracts & disputes

What it is: Interpreting or contesting an employment or rental contract, a cancellation, or a formal objection (Widerspruch).

Why we don't do it: A contract has legal effect, and interpreting or contesting yours is legal advice. This page points you at the people who can actually give it, several of them free.

How it works
  1. 01If you are in a union, their lawyers review your employment contract or your dispute for free. It is worth joining before trouble starts.
  2. 02For a one-off question, a Fachanwalt (specialist lawyer) gives an initial consultation for a modest, capped fee.
  3. 03For consumer contracts, such as phone, energy or online orders, the Verbraucherzentrale advises cheaply.

You leave Papertame here

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Lion

Official recognition of your qualification

What it is: Getting your foreign degree or professional qualification officially recognised (Anerkennung). Regulated professions (doctor, nurse, teacher, lawyer, some engineers) cannot work without it, and it often helps in the rest.

Why we don't do it: The binding recognition is a legal decision, made by ZAB or the authority responsible for your profession. Our converter estimates the grade and the level; only the official route can actually recognise you, and a regulated profession has to go there.

How it works
  1. 01Use the official portal to find the body responsible for your profession and Bundesland.
  2. 02Submit your qualification documents for an equivalence assessment (anabin shows how your degree is rated).
  3. 03You receive a formal decision (Bescheid) — regulated professions need it before you can work.

You leave Papertame here

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Lynx

Converting your driving licence (Umschreibung)

What it is: Exchanging a foreign driving licence for a German one. If it's from outside the EU/EEA you must convert within six months of registering, and whether you sit a test depends on the issuing country.

Why we don't do it: Your local Führerscheinstelle decides what is required of you and whether you sit a test. Nobody else can make that call for you.

How it works
  1. 01Non-EU/EEA licence? Convert within six months of registering — whether you sit a test depends on your issuing country.
  2. 02Apply in person at your local Führerscheinstelle (Fahrerlaubnisbehörde).
  3. 03Bring your passport, Meldebescheinigung, your original licence with a translation, an eye test (Sehtest), a first-aid course certificate and a biometric photo.

You leave Papertame here

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Lion

Kita & daycare place

What it is: Finding a daycare (Kita) place. Every child over one has had a legal right to one since 2013, but demand outstrips supply in most cities. Start early and apply widely.

Why we don't do it: Places are handed out by the local Jugendamt, and every city runs its own system, often a voucher or its own portal. There is no single process to stand in for. The emails to the Kitas, though, our letter tool writes for you.

How it works
  1. 01Every child over one has a legal right to a place — but you apply yourself, often many months ahead.
  2. 02Registration runs through your city: a central portal or the local Jugendamt, and systems differ city to city.
  3. 03Some cities issue a Kita-Gutschein (voucher) that you then take to a Kita of your choice.

You leave Papertame here

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Lynx

A school place for your children

What it is: Enrolling a school-age child. School is compulsory from about age six, for every child living here whatever their nationality. This is not optional paperwork. It is the one family step with a legal duty behind it.

Why we don't do it: Education is run by each of the sixteen federal states, and your local school authority assigns the place once you have an address. There is no national form to prepare. The door is your Schulamt, and it opens after you register.

How it works
  1. 01School is compulsory from around age six — the exact starting age and school types depend on the federal state you move to.
  2. 02Register your address first: the local school authority (Schulamt) works from where you live, and usually contacts you or assigns a catchment school.
  3. 03Contact the Schulamt as soon as you have the address — placement commonly takes days to a few weeks, and newcomer children are often given German-language support classes.
  4. 04Ask about a Willkommensklasse or equivalent language class if your child does not speak German yet.

You leave Papertame here

This part happens on an official site, not on ours. We cannot fill it in for you — so here is what waits on the other side, before you go.

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Lynx

Health cover from the day you arrive

What it is: Insurance that pays for illness, in place from the day you live in Germany, including the stretch before anyone employs you.

Why we don't do it: Whether you join a statutory fund, join one voluntarily or buy private cover depends on your own circumstances, and the fund itself decides. That call belongs to the Krankenkasse. What this page can do is tell you the duty starts on day one, so it is not a surprise in week three.

How it works
  1. 01Before you travel, ask your current insurer in writing what happens to your cover when you move — the answer decides everything after it.
  2. 02Pick a German Krankenkasse and ask them directly. The question to send: 'I am moving to Germany from another EU country and do not have a job yet. Can I be insured with you, and from when?' They must answer, and the answer is free.
  3. 03Register your address once you land. Your Krankenkasse and your Steuer-ID both follow from it.
  4. 04When a job starts, tell the fund you chose — an employer may not pick one for you.

You leave Papertame here

This part happens on an official site, not on ours. We cannot fill it in for you — so here is what waits on the other side, before you go.

The link opens in a new tab. Your plan and your stamps stay here, exactly as you left them.

Lynx

Apostille & document legalisation

What it is: Proving a document from your home country is real, so a German office will accept it. Usually a stamp called an apostille; a few countries need a longer route instead.

Why we don't do it: An apostille is issued only by a designated authority in the country that produced the document. It happens abroad, before anything in Germany does, so it was never ours to perform.

How it works
  1. 01The apostille is issued in the country that produced the document — arrange it before you come, not in Germany.
  2. 02Contact the designated authority there (often a court, foreign ministry or notary).
  3. 03From a non-Hague country? You need full legalisation through the German mission instead.

You leave Papertame here

This part happens on an official site, not on ours. We cannot fill it in for you — so here is what waits on the other side, before you go.

The link opens in a new tab. Your plan and your stamps stay here, exactly as you left them.

Track your own steps, and your desk keeps the paper trail →

An automated assistant that organizes your information and applies publicly documented rules. Sources for each rule are cited.

This is not legal, tax, immigration, or financial advice, and not an official recognition, filing, or application. For decisions with legal or financial consequences, consult a qualified professional.

Rules last verified: 2026-07-08.

Sources

New Germany tools as they open